The BNWPP currently operates through a framework of 14 sub-programs or windows. Each window is a sub-component of a broad framework that embraces comprehensive, cross-sectoral water management; water-user participation; transparent and efficient institutions; the treatment of water as a social and economic resource; the importance of water to the natural environment; and the link between water management and poverty alleviation.

Many of the problems addressed under the BNWPP are cross-cutting and may have implications for several windows. As a central part of program development, the program builds upon the synergy among windows - reflecting the most pressing reform issues as identified by Bank staff and client countries.

The issues addressed under the BNWPP windows cover a wide set of concerns and together represent a comprehensive approach to Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Therefore, some of the windows have common themes, limits, or constituencies, while others such as River Basin Management and Livelihoods of the Poor transcend spatial, administrative, and institutional boundaries.

Together, the windows emphasize systemic reform within an IWRM approach. Developing capacity at all levels to carry out lasting reform is at the core of window activities. Such improved capacity is supported both within the institutions of the World Bank's client countries as well as through enhancing World Bank operations in the water sector.